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Lymphedema: An Overview

Lymphedema, sometimes spelt as ‘lymphoedema’, is a health condition caused due to the accumulation of fluids in the body, mainly in the soft tissues of the arms and legs. Buildup of fluid or lymph is a painful condition that is usually caused due to the surgical removal of the lymph nodes. Patients who have undergone surgery or radiation therapy for breast cancer, prostrate cancer or malignant melanoma are at a higher risk of suffering from it. Chronic infection, especially in the legs may be a cause for lymphedema.

The lymphatic system of the body is responsible for the transportation of nutrients through our body and getting rid of the harmful materials. Damage to the lymphatic system of the body causes Lymphedema; it can either be primary or secondary. Children born with primary lymphedema may show signs of the condition in their teens or even in adulthood. In such cases, the patient has a small number of vessels that cannot adequately transport the fluids in the body, causing the limbs to swell. Secondary or acquired lymphedema is more common and is the result of a trauma to the lymphatic system.

Prevention is better than cure, as the saying goes. Hence, doctors take adequate steps to prevent the onset of lymphedema in high-risk patients who have undergone radiation or surgery. If a person has had an attack of lymphedema, there is every chance for it to recur, so he has to take precautions to see that it does not happen again. The illness can be caused due to blot clots, burns, deep vein thrombosis as well as parasitic infections. Use of certain medicines may also trigger an attack.

Compression bandages, special compressive stockings and sleeves greatly help in controlling lymphedema. Some patients indulge in an exercise regime that keeps the affected limbs in good condition, thus stimulating circulation. Trained therapists use the concept of decongestive therapy that involves stimulating the flow of the fluids in the body with a massage. This appears to be the most favored course of treatment for the medical condition and patients can even do it themselves by learning the technique from a skilled therapist. Other forms of treatment include mechanical pumps that can be used to stimulate drainage of the pooled fluids and surgery.

Skin care is greatly important for those suffering from lymphedema. Swelling of the tissues can cause cracked and dry skin which is easily bruised and prone to infection. It is essential for such patients to maintain a good skincare regime which includes regular moisturizing and cleansing. Skin creams or oils help to keep the skin soft and lubricated. Persons who have a history of lymphedema need to take life-long care to avoid injuries to the affected limb and must be constantly monitored for early signs of a recurrence by the doctors. They may also indicate the fact on medical bracelets so that medical personnel can take the necessary precautions in an emergency situation.

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